Since the mid 1980s, an increasing interest of different actors on the construction of a «European Islam» is taking place. This implies aspects as diverse as identity, worship, education, etc. On the one hand, these debates are mostly confined to the national contexts, where specific readings of the concepts of identity and citizenship shape the terms of the debates. On the other hand, since the 1990s, the Western European countries have witnessed a rapid institutionalization of Islam promoted by the States. This article seeks to transcend the national limits with the aim of exploring the presence of a transnational Islam labeled as reformist-Islamist in the European public sphere(s). It will focus on its qualitative shift from a first stage of formation of networks in Europe, to the establishment of institutions and a shar‘i normative frame for Muslims of Europe.
reformism, Islamism, minority law, leadership, Islam in Europe.